composition and focal points

Composition:
Composition is the placement or arrangement of visual elements.

It requires the placement of a photograph’s subject, background and other elements to be carefully arranged. 

Composition is the key artistic skill of a photographer, creating meaning for the viewer.

Focal points:

One key composition rule is to emphasise focal points – particularly the subject.

This is through the arrangement of elements to draw attention to a specific area(s) of the image. 

Aspect ratio: the size of the image itself
Rule of thirds: using a 3 by 3 grid to place the subject of the photo to create meaning and relate to other elements of the photo.
Focal points: changing the camera lens's focus distance to a moving subject's distance from the focal plane
Framing: drawing focus to the subject in the photo by blocking other parts of the image with something in the scene.
Pull focus
Golden triangle: when a diagonal line is drawn and objects of the image are framed accordingly to create meaning